GHALIAN FROM THE QAJAR PERIOD, PERSIAN EMPIRE 19TH CENTURY,

Ghalian or bowl from the Qajar period, Persian Empire, 19th century. It features an elongated base in profusely carved wood, a bowl decorated with European-style enamels depicting floral motifs, ducks, vases, and reserves with portraits of men dressed in Western style and scenes of motherhood. The enamel decoration is flanked by bands of yellow gold with rose-cut diamonds and a stone interior. Dimensions: 17 x 8 cm. (Enamel with restorations). The Qajar period (1789-1925) was a monarchical era in Iran marked by the centralization of power, increasing foreign influence (especially Russian and British), the loss of territories, and the first attempts at modernization. It ended with the rise to power of Reza Shah. Qajar art is characterized by a blend of Persian tradition and European influences, particularly in the idealized and monumental portraiture of monarchs and courtiers. The luxurious decoration stands out, featuring vibrant colors, gold, and floral motifs in paintings, miniatures, ceramics, textiles, jewelry, and other decorative arts. The ghalian, or bowl, in question represents a prime example of the highest quality and craftsmanship in terms of both the materials used and the overall craftsmanship. It is also remarkable for its iconographic motifs, which reflect the fusion of Persian and Western culture through the themes of love and motherhood, as well as the presence of ducks—animals that, in Persian culture of this period, symbolized spirituality and the harmony between heaven, earth, and water.